World War II brought new growth and prosperity to the city, although many of its Japanese-American residents were transported to internment camps for the duration of the war. This period also saw the arrival of the exiles from the increasing pre-war tension in Europe, including such notables as Thomas Mann, Fritz Lang, Bertolt Brecht, Arnold Schoenberg, and Lion Feuchtwanger. The city was the proud host of the 1932 Summer Olympics and along with it the development of Baldwin Hills, the original Olympic Village. Los Angeles is also known to be the home of the Ross-Loos Medical Group, founded in 1929, which is considered to be the first Health Maintenance Organization in the United States. In the 1920s the motion picture and aviation industries both flocked to Los Angeles and helped to further develop it. A largely fictionalized account of the Owens Valley Water War can be found in the 1974 motion picture Chinatown. In 1915, the City of Los Angeles began annexation of dozens of neighboring communities without water supplies of their own. In 1913, William Mulholland completed the aqueduct that assured the city's growth. Even more important to the city's growth was water. Oil was discovered in 1892, and by 1923 Los Angeles was supplying one-quarter of the world's petroleum. Railroads arrived when the Southern Pacific completed its line to Los Angeles in 1876. Los Angeles was incorporated as a city in 1850. Americans solidified control over the city after they flooded into California during the California Gold Rush and secured the subsequent admission of California into the United States. The Treaty of Cahuenga, signed a few days after the battle, ended hostilities in California, and in the later Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848), Mexico formally ceded Alta California and other territories to the United States. Mexican rule ended during the Mexican-American War, when Americans took control of the fledgling city after the Battle of Rio San Gabriel in 1847. Mexico's independence from Spain was achieved in 1821, and the pueblo continued as a part of Mexico. Today the outline of the Pueblo is preserved in a historic monument familiarly called Olvera Street, formerly Wine Street, which was named after Agustin Olvera. It remained a small ranch town for decades, but by 1820 the population had increased to about 650 residents, making it the largest civilian community in Spanish California. The area was duly named " El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Angeles del Río de Porciúncula," ("The Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels on the River Porciúncula"). The new governor of California, Felipe de Neve, recommended to the viceroy in Mexico that the site be developed into a pueblo (town). They created a "sub-mission" known as the Mission Nuestra Señora Reina de los Angeles. These settlers were of African, Indian, Filipino, and Spanish ancestry, of whom two-thirds were mulatto.
On September 4, 1781, a group of 46 Spanish and Mexican settlers from Sonora set out from the San Gabriel mission to establish a settlement along the banks of the Porciúncula River (now Los Angeles River). In 1771, Father Serra had the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel built near Whittier Narrows in today's nearby San Gabriel Valley.
In 1769, Gaspar de Portolà led an expedition across southern California with Franciscan Padres Junípero Serra and Juan Crespi. The Spanish arrived in 1542, when Juan Cabrillo visited the area. The Los Angeles coastal area was inhabited by the Tongva (or Gabrieleños), Chumash, and earlier Native American nations for thousands of years. The city and its immediate surrounding vicinity leads the world in producing popular entertainment-such as motion pictures, television, and recorded music-which forms the base of its international fame and global status.
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The Los Angeles area, recognized by its sprawling urban terrain, is one of the world's most important centers of culture, science, technology, international trade, and higher education, and is home to numerous world-renowned institutions in a broad range of professional and cultural fields. It is the county seat of Los Angeles County. Los Angeles was founded in 1781 by Spanish missionaries, yet it was not incorporated as a municipality until April 4, 1850-five months before California achieved statehood. Census Bureau, the Los Angeles metropolitan area has a total area of 4,850 square miles and is home to roughly 13 million people.
It is an alpha world city having a population of approximately 4 million people and spanning 498 square miles. Website: The City of Los Angeles, known also as "L.A.," is the most populous city in the state of California and the second-most populous in the United States. Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California
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